What is Hyperpigmentation?
It is a medical term used to describe black-brown skin patches that result from excess melanin production. Melanin forms through a series of oxidative reactions involving the amino acid tyrosine and the enzyme tyrosinase. There are several skin pigmentation types such as melasma, freckles, and lentigines. In order to adequately treat the pigmented disorder, the causative agent should be determined and managed.
Cause
- Acne
- Certain medications such as oral contraceptives
- System disease such as liver disease
- Over sun exposure
- Pregnancy
- Photosensitizing agents
- Old age
Management
- Use sunscreen with SPF 50
- Avoid squeezing spots
- Avoid long hours of sun exposure
- Avoid tanning beds
- Consider chemical peels
- Consider laser treatments
Treatment
- Apply hydroquinone 4% based creams every night on the area for 4 months.
- Discontinue and contact Souad if any skin reaction takes place